Brown Spots on ficus lyrata
What's Happening
Ficus lyrata exhibits brown spots from two distinct mechanisms: (1) Edema from rapid water uptake exceeding transpiration rates, causing epidermal cell rupture—triggered by inconsistent watering, temperature fluctuations, or high humidity (>60%) combined with low light; and (2) Root rot from anaerobic soil conditions where overwatering deprives roots of oxygen, leading to pathogen proliferation (Phytophthora spp.) that manifests as systemic brown lesions. The distinction is critical: edema appears as corky brown spots on new growth with intact roots, while root rot shows mushy black roots with spreading brown patches on older leaves.
How to Fix It
- 1
Inspect root health: Unpot and examine roots—firm white roots indicate edema; mushy black roots indicate rot
- 2
For edema: Stabilize environment at 65-75°F with consistent bright indirect light; reduce watering frequency; improve air circulation with gentle fan
- 3
For root rot: Trim all mushy black roots with sterilized shears; rinse remaining roots with 3% hydrogen peroxide solution (1:4 dilution)
- 4
Repot in fresh well-draining mix; use terracotta pot to wick excess moisture
- 5
Water sparingly post-treatment—allow soil to dry 2-3 inches deep between waterings
- 6
Monitor new growth for 4-6 weeks; edema typically self-resolves while root rot requires ongoing vigilance
How to Prevent It
Maintain consistent watering schedule using finger test—water only when top 2-3 inches of soil are dry. Provide bright indirect light (2000-5000 lux) to balance transpiration with uptake. Ensure well-draining soil mix (50% potting soil, 30% perlite, 20% orchid bark) and pots with drainage holes. Avoid temperature fluctuations and maintain 40-60% humidity using trays or humidifiers rather than leaf misting.
Related Problems
Same Problem on Other Plants
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